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Martinique - General Country Information

Introduction
Geography
People
Government
Economy
Communications
Military
Transnational Issues

Introduction

General Information: Martinique

The capital of Martinique is Fort-de-France.

Major cities of Martinique are:
Fort De France.

Geography

Location:	Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago
Coordinates:	14 40 N, 61 00 W
Area:	total: 1,100 sq km land: 1,060 sq km water: 40 sq km
Area Comparative:	slightly more than six times the size of Washington, DC
Land Boundaries:	0 km
Coastline:	350 km
Maritime Claims:	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate:	tropical; moderated by trade winds; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average; average temperature 17.3 degrees C; humid
Terrain:	mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano
Elevation Extremes:	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Montagne Pelee 1,397 m
Natural Resources:	coastal scenery and beaches, cultivable land
Land Use:	arable land: 10.38% permanent crops: 9.43% other: 80.19% (2001)
Irrigated Land:	30 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural Hazards:	hurricanes, flooding, and volcanic activity (an average of one major natural disaster every five years)
Note:	the island is dominated by Mount Pelee, which on 8 May 1902 erupted and completely destroyed the city of Saint Pierre, killing 30,000 inhabitants

People

Population:	429,510 (July 2004 est.)
Age Structure:	total: 33.1 years male: 32.5 years female: 33.8 years (2004 est.)
Population Growth Rate:	0.81% (2004 est.)
Birth Rate:	14.56 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Death Rate:	6.43 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Migration Rate:	-0.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Sex Ratio:	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Infant Mortality Rate:	total: 7.27 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.79 deaths/1,000 live births female: 9.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Expectancy Birth:	total population: 78.88 years male: 79.35 years female: 78.4 years (2004 est.)
Fertility Rate:	1.79 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Nationality:	noun: Martiniquais (singular and plural) adjective: Martiniquais
Ethnic Groups:	African and African-white-Indian mixture 90%, white 5%, East Indian, Chinese less than 5%
Religions:	Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 10.5%, Muslim 0.5%, Hindu 0.5%, other 3.5% (1997)
Languages:	French, Creole patois
Literacy:	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97.7% male: 97.4% female: 98.1% (2003 est.)

Gouvernment

Country Name:	conventional long form: Department of Martinique conventional short form: Martinique local long form: Departement de la Martinique local short form: Martinique
Capital:	Fort-de-France
Administrative Divisions:	none (overseas department of France)
Independence:	none (overseas department of France)
National Holiday:	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Constitution:	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Legal System:	French legal system
Suffrage:	18 years of age; universal
Executive Branch:	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995); Prefect Yves DASSONVILLE (since 14 January 2004); note - took office 8 February 2004 head of government: President of the General Council Claude LISE (since 22 March 1992); President of the Regional Council Alfred MARIE-JEANNE (since NA March 1998) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils
Legislative Branch:	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Assembly or Conseil Regional (41 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Assembly - last held on 28 March 2004 (next to be held by March 2010) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - left-wing candidates 13, PPM 11, RPR 6, right-wing candidates 5, PCM 3, UDF 3, PMS 2, independents 2; note - the PPM won a plurality; Regional Assembly (second round) - percent of vote by party - MIM 53.8%, PPM 30.6%; seats by party - MIM 28, PPM 9, other 4 note: Martinique elects 2 seats to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 2001 (next to be held September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PPM 2; Martinique also elects 4 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held not later than June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, PS 1, MIM 1, left-wing candidate 1 (candidacy of the left-wing candidate was found invalid by the Constitutional Council; new elections will be called)
Judicial Branch:	Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel
Political Parties Leaders:	Martinique Communist Party or PCM [Georges ERICHOT]; Martinique Independence Movement or MIM [Alfred MARIE-JEANNE]; Martinique Progressive Party or PPM [Pierre SUEDILE]; Martinique Socialist Party or PMS [Ernest WAN-AJOUHU]; Movement of Democrats and Ecologists for a Sovereign Martinique or Modemas [Garcin MALSA]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Michel CHARLONE]; Socialist Revolution Group or GRS [Philippe PIERRE-CHARLES]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Jean MAREN]
Political Pressure Groups Leaders:	Caribbean Revolutionary Alliance or ARC; Central Union for Martinique Workers or CSTM [Marc PULVAR]; Frantz Fanon Circle; League of Workers and Peasants; Proletarian Action Group or GAP
International Organization Participation:	UPU, WCL, WFTU
Diplomatic in US:	none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic from US:	none (overseas department of France)
Flag Description:	a light blue background is divided into four quadrants by a white cross; in the center of each rectangle is a white snake; the flag of France is used for official occasions

Economy

Economy Overview:	The economy is based on sugarcane, bananas, tourism, and light industry. Agriculture accounts for about 6% of GDP and the small industrial sector for 11%. Sugar production has declined, with most of the sugarcane now used for the production of rum. Banana exports are increasing, going mostly to France. The bulk of meat, vegetable, and grain requirements must be imported, contributing to a chronic trade deficit that requires large annual transfers of aid from France. Tourism, which employs more than 11,000 people, has become more important than agricultural exports as a source of foreign exchange.
GDP:	purchasing power parity - $6.117 billion (2003 est.)
GDP Capital:	purchasing power parity - $14,400 (2001 est.)
GDP Composition:	agriculture: 6% industry: 11% services: 83% (1997 est.)
Household Income:	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Inflation Rate:	3.9% (1990)
Labor Force:	165,900 (1998)
Labor Force Occupation:	agriculture 10%, industry 17%, services 73% (1997)
Unemployment Rate:	27.2% (1998)
Budget:	revenues: $900 million expenditures: $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $140 million (1996)
Agriculture Products:	pineapples, avocados, bananas, flowers, vegetables, sugarcane
Industries:	construction, rum, cement, oil refining, sugar, tourism
Electricity Production:	1.151 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity Consumption:	1.07 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity Exports:	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity Imports:	0 kWh (2001)
Oil Production:	0 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil Consumption:	13,500 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil Exports:	NA (2001)
Oil Imports:	NA (2001)
Exports:	$250 million f.o.b. (1997)
Exports Commodities:	refined petroleum products, bananas, rum, pineapples (2001 est.)
Exports Partners:	France 45%, Guadeloupe 28% (2000)
Imports:	$2 billion c.i.f. (1997)
Imports Commodities:	petroleum products, crude oil, foodstuffs, construction materials, vehicles, clothing and other consumer goods
Imports Partners:	France 62%, Venezuela 6%, Germany 4%, Italy 4%, US 3% (2000)
Debt External:	$180 million (1994)
Currency:	euro (EUR)
Currency Code:	EUR
Exchange Rates:	euros per US dollar - 0.8860 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998)
Fiscal Year:	calendar year

Communications

Telephones Lines Use:	172,000 est (2001)
Mobile Cellular:	319,900 (2002)
Telephone System:	general assessment: domestic facilities are adequate domestic: NA international: country code - 596; microwave radio relay to Guadeloupe, Dominica, and Saint Lucia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Radio Stations:	AM 0, FM 14, shortwave 0 (1998)
Television Stations:	11 (plus nine repeaters) (1997)
Internet Code:	.mq
Internet Users:	40,000 (2002)